Nickan Research Institute Journal of Parathyroid Disease 2345-6558 14 1 2026 01 01 Rapid bone healing induced by nanotechnology-modified titanium plates in orthognathic surgery; a narrative review study e13330 e13330 10.34172/jpd.13330 EN Abbas Jasim Mohammed https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5430-7490 Shaikhaliev Astemir Ikramovich https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4920-7171 Qais Mussa https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6436-3189 Journal Article 10.34172/jpd.13330 2026 06 17 2026 08 16 Orthognathic surgery requires rigid skeletal fixation to maintain spatial relationships between osteotomized bone segments while new bone forms at the surgical interface. Titanium miniplates and screws have been the gold standard for this purpose for decades; however, conventional titanium hardware carries documented risks of infection, plate loosening, and the need for hardware removal, each of which compromises the speed and quality of bone healing. Advances in nanotechnology have yielded a range of surface modification strategies, including titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes, nanoparticle coatings (silver, zinc, hydroxyapatite), graphene oxide, and functionalized nanostructured surfaces, that profoundly alter the biological interactions between titanium and the surrounding bone. These modifications operate through complementary mechanisms: enhancement of protein adsorption, stimulation of osteoblast adhesion and differentiation, suppression of osteoclastogenesis, promotion of vascularization, and targeted antibacterial activity. Collectively, they accelerate the cascade of bone healing and osseointegration. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies on nanotechnology-modified titanium implants and evaluates their potential application to orthognathic surgery fixation plates. The available evidence suggests that nanotechnology-modified titanium surfaces offer a compelling strategy for reducing healing time, minimizing infection-related hardware complications, and improving the biological stability of osteotomy sites. Targeted clinical trials are needed to establish optimal surface modification protocols for the unique biomechanical and biological environment of orthognathic osteotomy fixation.