Armin Erfani
1 
, Arash Izadpanah Ghahremani
2 , Hussein Soleimantabar
3 , Maryam Nazari
4 , Mina Alipoor
5* 1 Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2 Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
3 Department of Radiology, Imam Hossein Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
4 Nursing and Midwifery Sciences Development Research Center, Najafabad branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran.
5 Department of Anesthesiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a prevalent health condition affecting millions worldwide. One of the common complications of CKD is CKD-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD), which involves disturbances in mineral metabolism and skeletal health due to complications of CKD. The parathyroid glands, a small gland located near the thyroid glands in the neck, play a vital role in regulating calcium and phosphorus metabolism in the body. CKD can result in the dysfunction of the parathyroid glands, leading to a range of complicated disorders.